Bioplastics in simple terms

The generic term 'bioplastics' is often misunderstood. This information page explains the differences and provides an overview of the main issues.

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What are bioplastics?

The term ‘bioplastic’ covers two properties that can occur individually or in combination, depending on the type of material:

  • Biodegradable: The plastic can be broken down by microorganisms in the environment.
  • Biobased: The plastic is made entirely or partially from renewable and natural raw materials.
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What are bio-based plastics?

Bio-based plastics are made wholly or partially from renewable and natural resources.

  • They reduce dependence on fossil fuels such as petroleum.
  • They often have a lower carbon footprint, as plants absorb CO2 from the atmosphere and store it in the product.

Bio-based does not necessarily mean biodegradable! Some bio-based plastics behave just like conventional plastics in the environment.

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What are biodegradable plastics?

Biodegradable plastics can be broken down by microorganisms under suitable environmental conditions and then degrade into water, carbon dioxide and biomass. For products that frequently end up in the environment, they can prevent the entry of microplastics.

Biodegradable does not automatically mean bio-based! There are also biodegradable plastics that are made from fossil raw materials.

However, products that are biodegradable under industrial or home composting conditions are not necessarily biodegradable under (forest) soil conditions. Therefore, when purchasing biodegradable products for forestry applications, always pay attention to the respective degradation conditions and have these confirmed by the respective producer.

Source: FNR

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DIN SPEC Standard

A DIN SPEC standard is currently being developed under the leadership of the Rottenburg University of Applied Forest Sciences in order to be able to independently test the sustainability of tree shelters in the future. This will provide proof that tree shelters are completely bio-based and biodegradable under forest conditions in an environmentally friendly manner.

Source: DIN